Conditions for Inception of Relativistic Runaway Discharges in Air
نویسندگان
چکیده
Terrestrial gamma-ray flashes are linked to growth of long bidirectional lightning leader system consisting positive and stepping negative leaders. The spatial extent streamer zones a typical with tip potential exceeding several tens megavolts is on the order 10–100 m. photoelectric absorption bremsstrahlung radiation generated by avalanching relativistic runaway electrons occurs efficiently same scales. intense multiplication these triggered when size zone crosses threshold approximately 100 m (for sea-level air pressure conditions) allowing self-replication avalanches due upstream electron seeds absorption. model results also highlight importance electrode effects in interpretation X-ray emissions from centimeter meter laboratory discharges, particular, similar feedback effect produced generation cathode material.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Geophysical Research Letters
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['1944-8007', '0094-8276']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2022gl102710